What potential effect does a hypotonic solution have on cells?

A hypotonic solution has a lower concentration of solutes compared to the inside of the cells. When cells are placed in a hypotonic solution, water moves into the cells through the process of osmosis, aiming to equalize the solute concentrations on both sides of the cell membrane. As water enters the cells, they begin to swell. If enough water enters, the cells may become so full that they eventually burst, a process known as lysis. This is particularly important to understand when administering IV therapy, as choosing the appropriate solution is crucial for maintaining cell integrity and function.

Understanding the effects of different solutions on cells is essential for effective clinical practice, as it helps to prevent complications such as cellular swelling and bursting that can occur with inappropriate fluid administration.