What is the use of a tourniquet during IV placement?

The use of a tourniquet during IV placement primarily serves to engorge the veins, making them more prominent and easier to access. By applying a tourniquet a few inches above the intended insertion site, venous return is impeded, which causes the veins to fill with blood and become distended. This engorgement enables the healthcare provider to clearly visualize the veins and facilitates easier and more successful cannulation, reducing the likelihood of multiple attempts and decreasing discomfort for the patient.

Other options, while they may seem relevant to IV therapy, do not align with the primary purpose of the tourniquet. For instance, stopping blood flow completely is not the goal; instead, the aim is to temporarily limit venous return so the veins can be seen. Maintaining sterility of the IV site is more about proper technique and handling of the equipment rather than the role of the tourniquet. Lastly, while patient comfort is important, the tourniquet's main function is not to provide comfort but to improve venous access.